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Before it goes: wipe it properly
A laptop or phone remembers you: your photos, your email, your saved passwords and the accounts that still treat it as yours. Work through this in order, and none of it goes with the device.
First, keep what is yours
- Backed up, and the backup opened. Photos, documents and anything else worth keeping are somewhere that is not this device, and a few of them open from the copy.
- The new device set up first, if there is one, and lived with for a while before the old one is wiped.
- Passwords to hand for the Apple Account, Google Account or Microsoft account on the device. You need them to sign out and to turn off the locks.
- Sign-in codes moved. Codes that arrive by text, and anything you control from the phone, now work on another device.
- BitLocker recovery key to hand for an encrypted Windows laptop. If it was set up with a Microsoft account, the key is at aka.ms/myrecoverykey.
Do not delete photos or contacts one by one first. Apple warns that while you are signed in to iCloud, deleting them by hand removes them from iCloud and from your other devices too. Sign out, then erase: erasing the device does not delete your iCloud content.
Then erase it
- Windows: Settings, System, Recovery, Reset PC (on Windows 10: Update & Security, Recovery, Get started). Choose Remove everything and switch on Clean data. Afterwards, remove the PC at account.microsoft.com/devices.
- Mac with Apple silicon or a T2 chip, on macOS Monterey or later: System Settings, General, Transfer or Reset, Erase All Content and Settings (on Monterey, it is in the System Preferences menu). When it restarts, hold the power button until it turns off. Older Macs: sign out of iCloud and Messages, erase with Disk Utility in macOS Recovery, then reinstall macOS.
- iPhone or iPad: unpair your Apple Watch, then Settings, your name, Sign Out. Then Settings, General, Transfer or Reset, Erase All Content and Settings. Erase the eSIM as well if you are selling it.
- Android: once the new phone has everything, remove your Google Account (Settings, Passwords and accounts) and, on a Samsung, your Samsung account. Then reset from Settings. Pixel: System, Reset options, Erase all data. Samsung: General management, Reset, Factory data reset.
Last of all
- SIM card out, and any memory card, which you keep. On a Samsung, a factory reset does not wipe the memory card.
- Watch unpaired in the phone's app. On an Apple Watch, unpairing is what removes Activation Lock.
- Off your accounts: the PC removed from your Microsoft account, the iPhone or iPad signed out of your Apple Account, your Google Account removed from the Android phone.
- Recycled properly: a shop's take-back when you buy new, a larger shop's small-item take-back, or your council's recycling centre. Never the household bin: lithium-ion batteries can catch fire.